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pt. I. Setting the stage : counseling process. Make personal contact -- Develop a working alliance -- Explain counseling to the client -- Pace and lead the client -- Speak briefly -- When you don't know what to say, say nothing -- You may confront as much as youαve supported -- If you want to change something, process it -- Individualize your counseling -- Notice resistance -- When in doubt, focus on feelings -- Plan for termination at the beginning of counseling -- Arrange the physical setting appropriately -- pt. II. Strategies to assist clients in self-exploration. Avoid advice -- Avoid premature problem solving -- Avoid relying on questions -- Listen closely to what clients say -- Pay attention to nonverbals -- Focus on the client -- Be concrete -- Utilize metaphors -- Summarize -- pt. III. A few mistaken assumptions. Agreement does not equal empathy -- Do not assume that change is simple -- Positive thinking does not equal rational thinking -- Make psychological assessments, not moral judgments -- Do not assume that you know clients' feelings, thoughts, and behaviors -- Do not assume that you know how clients react to their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors -- pt. IV. Important topics. Develop crisis intervention skills -- Pay attention to issues of gender, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation -- Be open to group and family approaches -- Refer carefully -- Watch for deterioration in clients -- Establish an interest in counseling research -- Document your work -- Persevere with clients who no-show -- Learn how to conceptualize clients -- Learn about managed care -- Develop technology skills -- pt. V. Counselor, know thyself. Become aware of and address your personal issues -- Be open to supervision -- Don't hide behind testing -- On ethical questions, consult -- pt. VI. A brief introduction in intervention. Basic counseling texts -- Person-centered counseling -- Behavioral counseling -- Cognitive, cognitive/behavioral counseling, and social learning theory -- Gestalt counseling -- Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic counseling -- Existential counseling -- Group counseling -- Family/systems counseling -- Multicultural counseling -- Feminist therapy -- Brief therapy and solution focused therapy -- Integrative approaches -- Narrative therapy -- Research on counseling and psychotherapy -- Other important sources. |